(a) Because zˉz=|z|2, zˉz=12. This means ¯z=1z.
Similarly, with the exact same steps, ¯w=1w.
(b) We write z and w in polar form. Let z=cosθ+isinθ and w=cosϕ+isinϕ.
z+wzw+1=(cosθ+cosϕ)+i(sinθ+sinϕ)(cosθ+isinθ)(cosϕ+isinϕ)+1=(cosθ+cosϕ)+i(sinθ+sinϕ)(cosθcosϕ−sinθsinϕ+1)+i(sinθcosϕ+cosθsinϕ)
Simplifying, z+wzw+1=((cosθ+cosϕ)+i(sinθ+sinϕ))(cos(θ+ϕ)+1−isin(θ+ϕ))(cos(θ+ϕ)+1)2+sin2(θ+ϕ)
This means Im(z+wzw+1)=(cos(θ+ϕ)+1)(sinθ+sinϕ)−(cosθ+cosϕ)sin(θ+ϕ)(cos(θ+ϕ)+1)2+sin2(θ+ϕ)
Notice that
(cos(θ+ϕ)+1)(sinθ+sinϕ)=sinθ+sinϕ+sinθcosθcosϕ−sin2θsinϕ+sinϕcosθcosϕ−sinθsin2ϕ=sinθcos2ϕ+sinϕcos2θ+sinθcosθcosϕ+sinϕcosθcosϕ
Also,
(cosθ+cosϕ)sin(θ+ϕ)=cosθsinθcosϕ+cosθsinϕcosθ+cosϕsinθcosϕ+cosϕsinϕcosθ=cosθsinθcosϕ+cos2θsinϕ+cos2ϕsinθ+cosϕsinϕcosθ
This means (cos(θ+ϕ)+1)(sinθ+sinϕ)=(cosθ+cosϕ)sin(θ+ϕ).
Then it immediately follows that Im(z+wzw+1)=0, which means z+wzw+1 is a real number.